Токсичний вплив викидів забруднюючих речовин на захворюваність населення Вінниччини

Abstract

The materials of the World Health Organization (WHO) indicate that the health of the population is significantly affected by the environment. This impact can be 30% or more. Atmospheric air is the primary and most important natural resource of the environment necessary for the existence of all living organisms, and with which the greatest number of risks of diseases of living organisms and humans are associated. Atmospheric air pollution leads to poisoning of the population with toxic substances, deterioration of health, decreased working capacity and worsens living conditions. According to WHO information, in recent years Ukraine has ranked first in the world in terms of mortality per capita caused by atmospheric air pollution. At the same time, atmospheric air is one of the main production natural resources for most technological processes in the biosphere of planet Earth. In all areas of nature management, anthropogenic loads on atmospheric air and the environment must ensure the safety of human habitation and not lead to the degradation of natural ecosystems. The main pollutants of atmospheric air in the territory of Vinnytsia region remain enterprises of the energy industry, agriculture, processing industry and transport enterprises. The article reviews statistical data on atmospheric air pollution in Vinnytsia region for 2023-2025. Emissions into atmospheric air by types of economic activity, main pollutants and levels of pollutants in atmospheric air are analyzed. Exceedances of the maximum permissible concentration of pollutants and their toxic effects are recorded based on the results of the implementation of the plan for monitoring studies of atmospheric air quality in 2025. Regional indicators of the structure of general morbidity of the population for 2023-2025 are analyzed. The dynamics of the increase in morbidity indicators, in particular pulmonary diseases, diseases of the circulatory system, which negatively affect the reproductive health of the population, are revealed.