Оцінювання якості функціонування електричних мереж з відновлюваними джерелами енергії

Abstract

The dissertation devoted by scientific and technical problem solution, which consists in developing methods and means for assessing the quality of electric networks functioning with renewable energy sources. The quality functioning of electric networks is characterized by the quality of electric energy, electricity supply reliability, economic efficiency, and other. Using research results carried out by the author in his previous papers, it is proposed to determine the integral index of electric networks quality functioning according to the model obtained by a combination of Markovs theories processes and similarity, which allows us to move from vector to scalar. In order to take into account in the integral index of electric energy quality and level of electricity losses it is proposed to determine the probability of correspondence the actual regime to the "ideal". "Ideal" regime is determined by the basis principle of least action and corresponds to the network which formed by r-scheme. This approach can change allows regime parameters analysis to the nodes currents analysis of consumption and generation. Since the "ideal" network is adopted for the basis, it is possible to perform a electrical networks comparison of different configurations and a set of consumed and generating capacities without performing technical and economic calculations. It is shown that the problem of electric networks development with discrete variables can be solved by methods based on dynamic programming. However, for this purpose, it is necessary to develop formalized optimization procedures using the dynamic programming optimality principle. For this purpose, optimal conditions have been obtained, by which one can choose the optimal development strategy from the set of possible ones. In accordance with these conditions, the strategy is optimal, for the various possible states, the ratio of incremental costs to increments of the integral quality functioning indicator. To avoid the negative consequences of the introduction of unreasonably powerful sources in electrical networks, the method of optimal installed power of the source has been improved. The developed method, based on information on the volume, consumption graph and available points of generating objects connection, allows you to determine the installed capacity of RES, which will ensure the improvement of the network operation quality. Using leading countries the experience in the renewable energy sources implementation shown that measures are needed to adjust consumption curves. The mechanisms developed in the world allow to implement demand management. The method of determination consumers which load graph change will have the greatest effect in providing the necessary level of electric networks quality functioning. An algorithm for implementing a method based on a transport task is developed and allows for the economic component of adjusting consumption graph process be taken into account. The problem of information provision in the electric networks with RES quality functioning is considered. An analysis of information provision in distribution electrical networks has shown that automated systems of commercial electricity accounting (ASCEA) are the best sources of information. However, ASCEA covers only a small part of the consumption nodes. Other options for obtaining information is the calculation of the typical mode (average load) or simulation of modes according to typical graphs, with the latter option can provide a solution to the task with sufficient accuracy. The testing of developed models and methods for assessing the electric networks with renewable energy sources functioning quality has been tested and the feasibility of their use has been demonstrated.