Фразеологізми з онімним компонентом біблійного походження в українській мові

Abstract

The article considers some problems of the relationship between the linguistic and religious aspects of the Bible’s influence on the formation of the cultural and national picture of the world, as it is one of the “oldest monuments of the culture of all mankind”. The main features of the functioning and development of biblical phraseology with an onymic component in the Ukrainian language (theonyms, agionyms, demononyms), which serve to reflect the religious picture of the world, are presented. Their dictionary interpretations and the biblical plot that determines the emergence of biblical phraseological units are given. The sources of origin and phraseological activity of onymics of different categories are clarified. The factors of phraseology of onymics are also established. The analysis allows us to conclude that all the presented phraseology with an onymic component of biblical origin are related to Christian texts. But they can also lose their connection with them and be associated by native speakers with legends and traditions. Biblical phraseologisms with an onymic component were formed in two ways: as a result of expressive-aphoristic folding of a particular figurative plot of a myth, parable, story from the life of the heroes of the Holy Scripture, and also by quoting the texts of the Old and New Testaments. It has been determined that they also perform an emotional function and are used with limited stylistic coloring in colloquial and everyday style. It has been proven that the names of the saints of the Christian church belong to both literary and bookish and oral and colloquial traditions in the development of the Ukrainian language; they arise in the process of mastering ancient borrowings and appear in national variants. They are reflected in the composition of folk tales, legends, paremias (Yuriyiv den; not to Peter, but to Christmas). It was found that phraseologisms of the Ukrainian language with an onomastic component can be replenished and changed based on the internal laws of the language (root), as well as direct borrowing and calque from other languages. Most are phraseologisms of biblical origin of the international type, namely: calques from ancient Greek and Latin, which have their own sources of origin.