Особливості архітектури коміркових локальних електроенергетичних систем критичної інфраструктури з джерелами розосередженої генерації

Abstract

The paper considers modern trends in the development of microgrids with renewable energy sources and energy storage systems for reliable power supply of critical infrastructure facilities. The architectural features of cellular microgrids of critical infrastructure using distributed generation sources have been investigated. Three main architectures are considered, namely local power systems with DC, AC transmission and distribution link and hybrid architecture. Based on the analysis of modern approaches to the construction of microgrids, the advantages of cellular architecture, which provides increased survivability and scalability of power supply systems for critical infrastructure facilities, are determined. To create unified modular systems, individual components of microgrids are grouped according to their functional purpose. The requirements for control systems that should take into account modern requirements for communication interfaces provided for by the IEC 61850 standard are analyzed and formalized. Based on the analysis of the requirements for the reliability of the quality of electricity in critical infrastructure facilities and the fact that the power supply schemes of such facilities differ significantly technologically and schematically, the requirements for the cellular architecture are formed with the allocation of elementary components of each of the elements of microgrids with renewable energy sources and energy storage systems. On the basis of the proposed cellular architecture, options with different combinations of cells have been formed, which make it possible to effectively create microgrids for power supply of critical infrastructure facilities on the basis of existing power supply schemes and types of consumers. Particular attention is paid to the integration of renewable energy sources and energy storage systems, which allow to ensure the autonomous operation of such systems in a separate mode the grid.