Автоматизація підприємств переробки побутових відходів: світовий досвід та перспективи для України

Abstract

The article provides analysis of global trends in household waste management and recycling, emphasizing advanced practices countries such as Germany, Japan, South Korea, Sweden, and the USA. Special attention is given to cutting-edge automated sorting technologies, including computer vision, near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR), artificial intelligence (AI), and robotic systems, significantly enhancing sorting accuracy and recycling efficiency. The technical characteristics of these implemented systems and their economic performance indicators, demonstrating considerable potential for cost reduction and increased profitability, have been thoroughly studied. The author presents a comprehensive analysis of practices and solutions enhancing environmental sustainability and resource efficiency, particularly through the implementation of circular economy principles. Key factors facilitating effective integration of advanced technologies, as well as primary barriers faced by enterprises during innovation implementation, are identified. Prospective solutions to these challenges are outlined, promoting further industry development and achieving global environmental goals. The importance of educational and informational campaigns among the population to enhance the efficiency of waste separation is also emphasized in the article. The study includes specific practical examples demonstrating modern technologies` application, particularly mobile waste sorting systems, GPS technologies for logistics optimization, and artificial intelligence for analyzing and predicting recycling process efficiency. The analysis concludes the critical importance of international cooperation and technology transfer to accelerate the transition towards sustainable and resource-efficient waste management models. Keywords: waste recycling, sorting automation, computer vision, infrared spectroscopy, artificial intelligence, robotic systems.