Стан та перспективи розвитку ринку праці у Вінницькій області

Abstract

The article outlines the main tendencies of the development of the labor market of Ukraine, examines the general situation that has developed in the field of employment in recent years. The issue of employment and effective functioning of the regional labor market is explored. The peculiarities of the current state of the labor market of Vinnytsia region are established. The state and dynamics of the main indices of the labor market of the region are analyzed, in particular: dynamics of economic activity of rural and urban population; the dynamics of employment of the population of Vinnytsia region for economic activity at the age of 15-70 years; the structure of employment by types of economic activity and analyzed the structure of the unemployed population for reasons of unemployment. The main trends that determine the status of labor market of Vinnitsyia region are: reducing the number of economically active population, growth of the unemployed population, low level of productivity, labor migration, imbalance between supply and demand on labor market, low wages, etc. According to official data, the largest number of employed in 2017 in the Vinnytsia region was concentrated in the agriculture (31.8%), in retail trade and in repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles (18,8%), and in industry – (10,98%) of the total number of employed by economic activity. Perspective directions of improving the structure of the labor market are: ensure a high standard of living of the population in accordance with international standards; overcoming the demographic crisis by increasing the birth rate; achieving the equilibrium between supply and demand on labor market; attraction of investments into the production sphere for creation of modern and productive workplaces; improvement of the system of education and vocational training, retraining of personnel, etc; activation of the state support of small and medium-sized businesses as a significant source of support for labor market; implementation and use of innovative technologies in economic activity, to ensure the competitiveness of modern enterprises