Принципи, моделі і методи розміщення об’єктів первинного збору та обробки муніципальних твердих побутових відходів

Abstract

The dissertation is devoted to the development of principles, models and methods for the placement of objects of primary collection and processing of municipal solid waste to reduce the anthropogenic and technogenic load on the territory of cities by creating a socially convenient system of primary collection of municipal solid waste. The city-planning principles and models for the location of sanitary cleaning facilities in the city have been identified Three models of primary collection and processing of municipal solid waste have been developed: centralized; decentralized; local. It has been substantiated that the prediction of the volume and morphological composition of solid waste is the determining factor in the urban planning of sanitary cleaning facilities in the city. Therefore, for the first time, a model for predicting the morphological composition of municipal waste was proposed, based on the method of an artificial neural network. By the obtained forecasting of the volume and morphological composition of solid waste, the prospects of creating different fractions of solid waste in the districts of the city of Vinnitsa were practically calculated. A model of the location of reception and collection centers for municipal solid waste was developed, based on the method of mathematical spatial modeling. Proposals have been developed for the placement of centers for receiving and collecting solid waste, aimed at improving the functioning of the city sanitary cleaning system at the stage of primary collection and processing, using modern methods of simulation and information technology. The research that was used in the dissertation work is as follows: assessment of the theoretical base, legislative and regulatory documents, analysis of foreign experience in the organization and functioning of sanitary treatment facilities (I part), by highlighting urban planning principles, factors of placement and organization of sanitary cleaning facilities (II part), certain methods predicting the volume and morphological composition of municipal waste, assessing the efficiency of the MSW management system (I part and III part) made it possible to develop models for the location of centers for receiving and collecting municipal solid waste on the city plan (IV part).