Сучасні технології збірно-монолітних перекриттів для реконструкції громадських будівель

Abstract

During the reconstruction of the school building in Khmilnyk, Vinnytsia region, in order to create an inclusive resource center, it is necessary to replace the existing wooden floor. The floor of a building is a horizontal load-bearing structure created between two vertical rooms to separate them in height. At the same time, it serves as a floor for the upper room and as a ceiling for the lower room. Therefore, it is important to select a more modern reliable version of the floor, the technology of which will meet the limitations and requirements that arise in the reconstruction of public buildings. The main selection criteria are: simplicity of technology and speed of installation of the floor without additional material, energy and labor costs and without the use of cranes or large mechanisms; the possibility of both complete replacement of the floor and replacement of only certain damaged areas; relief of the load from the floor on the existing structures of the building; ensuring the necessary strength, rigidity and reliability of the floor; excellent heat and sound insulation properties with high fire resistance and environmental friendliness; compressed conditions for construction and installation work. Floors used for the reconstruction of buildings should combine a number of advantages and allow the necessary communications and repairs to be carried out without interfering with the existing structural scheme of the building. Modern technologies of prefabricated monolithic floors combine the advantages of traditional prefabricated and monolithic floors, but at the same time without their disadvantages. A number of technological solutions to facilitate the construction of the floor and the simplicity of its installation and subsequent operation allow the use of such floors for the reconstruction of existing buildings. The article analyzes the existing system of covering the school building, provides pre-design solutions for the replacement of the floor and attic, identified their shortcomings. Modern prefabricated monolithic floor systems are considered. The main elements are light metal or reinforced concrete beams with a spatial steel frame, hollow or lightweight blocks, reinforced monolithic slab, which is poured on the site after the installation of beams and blocks.