Визначення оптимальних значень параметрів керованих компенсувальних пристроїв реактивної потужності магістральних електричних мереж

Abstract

Creation of large electrical energy systems and their integration raises the problem of transmitting electrical energy to long and extra-long distances, using the technologies of long-distance power transmission. Trends in the development of modern power industry in Ukraine were set forth in the Energy Strategy of Ukraine for the period until 2035, it was stipulated to integrate energy system of Ukraine with the energy system of continental Europe. This occurred on March 16, 2022. Synchronization of the Ukrenergo grid and the energy grid of continental Europe ENTSO-E will allow Ukraine and Europe to develop the energy market, switch to renewable energy sources and boost the European energetic security. The length of the electrical lines in Ukraine is large and their voltage change schedules cause voltage increase above the nominal value in the minimum voltage mode due to the excess reactive power, generated the transmission lines. In this connection there are significant losses of power, forced switching of the equipment and aging of the insulation. UHV transmission lines are very and their phases are executed with the splitting of wires into several components (to reduce corona costs ). Such lines are sources of increased reactive power that depends on power transmission mode and change over a wide range of values, leading to unacceptable voltage fluctuations in the grid , to losses growth (at voltage decrease), to the risk of the equipment damage (in case of its increase). They perform the important role the essential role of the main, system-creating, interstate lines and, therefore, in case of need, they can be used to transmit significant power with the adequate reserve of sustainability. The most effective way to compensate reactive power, maintain the necessary level of voltage in UHV transmission lines and reduce costs the use of shunt reactors (SR). Ukraine has a large territory with a very unequal distribution of energy resources and electric energy consumers. The priority direction of the development of Ukraine’s energy sector is complete integration into European energy market, as it is enshrined in the country’s energy strategy for the period until 2035. This provides the synchronous operation of the integrated energy system (IES) of Ukraine with the energy system of the synchronous zone of the continental Europe ENTSO-E. An important role in the solution of this problem is the provision of the necessary technical state and requirements, regarding the operation modes of main electric lines, grids and interstate power transmission lines (PTL).