Перемикання кодів в сучасній амеріндіанській прозі

Abstract

The article reveals and analyzes the use of language code switching in modern English-language Native American prose texts by Lewis Erdrich, “The Last Report on the Miracles at Little No Horse”, “Love medicine”, and also defines the concept and types of language code switching. Code switching is the speaker’s transition in the process of speech communication from one language (dialect, style) to another depending on the conditions of communication within the same ethnic culture. A modern American writer of Native American origin, syncretized two “wonders of symbols and sounds” into one fascinating language – a combination of indigenous (Indian) and English languages, which structures her worldview. Code switching allows L. Erdrich to present her multicultural experience. Analysis of the novels The Last Report on the Miracles at Little No Horse and Love Medicine has shown that Lewis Erdrich uses Ojibwe and English to convey and support Ojibwe cultural beliefs in contemporary fiction. Erdrich uses a variety of code-switching strategies at the lexical and sentence levels, and provides contextual clues throughout the novel, including definitions, translations, examples, and repetition. She also includes untranslated Ojibwe words, phrases, and sentences to assert the value and relevance of the Ojibwe language. Through code-switching, the writer engages in linguistic negotiations; balancing the needs of indigenous peoples with the desires of the audience, using Type II and Type III code-switching. Erdrich switches codes in both narrative and dialogue, but in contextually appropriate settings; much of the Ojibwe language is in flashbacks, between Ojibwe characters. L. Erdrich's code-switching symbolizes her desire to learn and preserve the language, to integrate into the culture and share it with her audience, to become a cultural guide for outsiders. The perspective of our research is to investigate linguistic code-switching in Patricia Grace's novel "Potiki".