ІЧ-Фур`є спектральні та рентгенофазові дослідження топохімічних реакцій на поверхні сумішевого сорбенту в процесі отримання багатофункціональних пластичних мастил

Abstract

The effectiveness of the implementation of the 3R principle (Reduce – Reuse – Recycle) in relation to industrial waste is substantiated, which allows minimizing the amount of industrial waste and using it as secondary raw materials. It is shown that the adsorption with the reuse of regenerated mixed sorbent (activated carbon (АС) and kieselguhr (К)) is a fairly effective method for the secondary treatment of industrial wastewater. The improved method of recycling, separation and purification of various chemical components of industrial waste has been proposed. The possibility of reducing the toxicity of some chemicals by processing them and converting them into other non-toxic compounds has been investigated. It has been shown that the research has allowed not only to save material resources during their repeated production, but also to reduce the ecological load on the environment by reducing the use of recycled water and reducing pollution of groundwater and natural water sources in the event of uncontrolled release of used hydraulic oil into the soil. Main stages of topochemical transformations on a solid surface (AC + K) with the obtaining of bis-(diethyldithiocarbamate)copper(II) as the main active substance of C,N,S-containing multifunctional plastic lubricants were investigated. It was established that the mineral composition of the mixed sorbent (AC + K) consisted of two main phases: SiO2-cristabolite (85…95 %) and SiO2-α-quartz (3…6 %), an amorphous phase 3…15 % and trace amounts of kaolin. The presence of a small amount of bis-(diethyldithiocarbamate)copper(II) (1…2 %) in the form of an amorphous phase in the total mass of the modified sorbent (AC + K) was shown. The presence of the Cu–S bond (399 cm–1) on the surface of the mixed sorbent (AC + K) was recorded, which unambiguously indicates the presence of bis-(diethyldithiocarbamate)copper(II) on the surface. The presence of basic organic groups (M–OH, –OH, –С(=О)О–, Si–O–Si, C=O, C=C) on the solid surface of the sorbent was confirmed, and the structure of the synthesized/sorbed copper(II) chelate was identified using IR-Fourier spectral studies.