Концепція компактного пристрою для дистанційного визначення типу авіаційних систем за складом авіаційного палива

Abstract

This paper presents a concept for a compact device designed to remotely identify the type of aircraft system based on the composition of Jet A-1 aviation fuel. A block diagram of the system is proposed, comprising an optical unit for collecting infrared radiation, a spectrometric module, gas filters and a computing unit for classifying aircraft based on the spectral characteristics of combustion products. An algorithm for the device’s operation has been developed, which involves recording the IR signal, identifying characteristic bands (CO₂, H₂O, SO₂, NOₓ, organic compounds), comparing these with a reference database, and determining the type of aircraft. The influence of external factors (humidity, temperature, atmospheric gases, distance to the aircraft, viewing angle) on measurement accuracy and methods for their compensation—in particular, background subtraction, modelling of atmospheric conditions and the application of machine learning algorithms—are considered separately. The results obtained confirm the potential of using infrared spectral analysis to create portable systems for monitoring aviation emissions and identifying aircraft or UAVs at long distances.