Оптимізація конструкцій фундаментів малоповерхових будівель

Abstract

Master's qualification work on "Optimization of structures of foundations of low-rise buildings" consists in conducting an analysis of constructive solutions of competitive foundations of low-rise buildings on the basis of domestic and foreign experience and the choice of the optimal foundation structure, depending on the soil conditions and constructive solution of the building. For analysis, a residential building with brick walls for which the number of floors varied, the presence or absence of a cellar was considered, the load per one running meter of the wall varies from 65 to 290 kN. Selected for study of the foundations of the foundations: tape - prefabricated and monolithic; pile-driven ones - from chiseling and pyramidal piles, from chopping piles with expanded heel; screws - from pylons and screws. As a ground base, four engineering-geological sections are distinguished: clay is tango-plastic and semi-hard, small sand and dusty sand. The design model of the screw piles (geyserup) in the software complex Plaxis is created. The economic effect of using a rational foundation in comparison with traditional solutions is determined. On the basis of experimental and theoretical researches, practical recommendations were developed concerning the joint work of clay and sandy bases with foundations of different design.