Вибір алгоритму управління процесом баротермічної обробки харчової сировини в тепловій камері з аеродинамічним нагріванням

Abstract

One of the main production costs in the implementation of the technological process of barothermal processing of food raw materials is energy costs. Thermal technological processes of processing under excess pressure and the required temperature of food raw materials are one of the most energy-intensive stages, in which more than 60% of the total amount of energy consumption is consumed. In the article the analysis of algorithms for control of technological processes of barothermal processing of food raw materials in a thermal chamber with an aerodynamic rotor-type heater is offered. The automatic control system maintains the set parameters of the steam-air environment in the thermal chambers by adjusting the rotation speed of the rotor of the aerodynamic heater and controlling the remote-controlled louvre lattice, which regulates the cross-section of the suction duct of the aerodynamic heater. Algorithms for regulation and maintenance of the set parameters of the steam-air environment are developed: throttle, high-quality, combined. At throttle adjustment the aperture opening of louver lattices is closed by a number of drive blades which thus are superimposed on each other. The qualitative algorithm provides temperature control by varying the engine speed. The algorithm provides software formation of the temperature profile during heating, isothermal holding and cooling. The combined algorithm of software regulation combines the elements of throttle and quality control. In the first embodiment, by finding the maximum possible opening angle of the louvre lattices in the absence of overcurrent induction motor. In another, by adjusting the rotational speed of the rotary heaters, the maximum allowable motor current. The block diagrams of algorithms for sequential control of technological stages of barothermal treatment are drawn up. Reduction of energy consumption is achieved by optimizing the operation of the actuator by adjusting the rotor speed of the aerodynamic rotor type heater. Keywords: barothermal treatment, thermal chamber, aerodynamic rotary heater, control algorithm, steam-air environment, food raw materials.