Динаміка галактик і проблема темної матерії

Abstract

This report examines galactic dynamics as a key to understanding the nature of dark matter. Special attention is paid to the observation of rotational curves of spiral galaxies, which indicate the presence of invisible mass that does not interact with electromagnetic radiation. The presentation analyzes both classical and modern models of mass distribution within galaxies, as well as various hypotheses regarding the nature of dark matter, including WIMPs, MACHOs, and Modified Newtonian Dynamics (MOND). The purpose of the report is to summarize current scientific approaches to studying dark matter through the dynamic properties of galactic systems.