Уплив коефіцієнта форми абразивних частинок ґрунту на інтенсивність зношування робочих органів ґрунтообробних машин

Abstract

Abrasive wear is one of the most common types of wear, about 50% of all machine parts failures fall on this type of wear. Study of the regularities of the abrasive wear process and search of the methods how to avoid the negative consequences is very important problem. In agricultural production working tools directly contacting with the soil undergo extensive abrasive wear. In the process of the operation of the tilling and seeding machines tools with the soil the wear of the surface occurs as a result of the interaction with the minerals, hardness of which is higher that the hardness of the metal. The form of the abrasive particles greatly influences the mechanism and intensity of the abrasive wear of the tilling and seeding machines tools.

The aim of the given study is the determination of the form factor and soil abrasion of the abrasive particles of soils in Ukraine as well as the changes of the form coefficient of the abrasive particles as a result of the interaction with working tools of the tilling and seeding machines .

Study of the form of the abrasive particles was carried out at all the type of soil in Ukraine.

As a result of the research, carried out, it was determined that the form factor of the soil abrasive particles in Ukraine is within the limits of 78.9...487.65. Form factor of the abrasive particles for large fractions of the abrasive material is smaller than for small fractions. The value of the form factor of the abrasive particles in the tilling layer is less by 11.43...47.71% as compared with the abrasive particles in the raw layer. The regularity of the considerable decrease of the form factor of the abrasive particles of large fractions as compared with small abrasive caused by the interaction with the tools of tilling and seeding machines is observed. Wear capacity of the abrasive particles increases with the increase of the form factor. Direct dependence between the decrease of the wear capacity of the soil and decrease of the form factor of the abrasive particles is not observed due to the complexity of the structure and self organization of the soil environment.