Аналіз методів навігації БПЛА

Abstract

An analysis of the navigation methods of unmanned aerial vehicles has been performed. Modern unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) use various means and methods of navigation to ensure accurate location determination and flight stability, such as global navigation satellite systems (GNSS), Lidar (Light Detection and Ranging), optical stereo cameras, inertial navigation systems (INS), visual odometry systems, systems with optical navigation. The most effective are combined approaches to navigation, which combine the advantages of several methods and minimize their disadvantages. Often, GPS data is supplemented with information from inertial sensors, cameras, or Lidar systems, which provides more stable navigation even in the event of satellite signal loss. When choosing a combined system, one should consider the balance between accuracy, cost, and computational complexity to not complicate the UAV navigation module's design and software implementation.