Темна матерія та темна енергія

Abstract

Dark Matter and Dark Energy are two key components of modern cosmology that shape our understanding of the Universe, yet remain almost completely invisible and mysterious. The talk reviews the history of the discovery of these phenomena, their role in galaxy formation and the expansion of the Universe, as well as the main theories and experimental approaches to their study. Particular attention is paid to modern scientific hypotheses, such as models of dark matter candidate particles and the nature of the cosmological constant. The talk aims to provide a popular explanation of complex astrophysical processes and demonstrates how much remains to be understood about the structure of our Universe.