Прогнозування поведінки дисперсного грунту в основах бурових опор-колон за МГЕ

Abstract

At present, the construction of frame buildings is carried out on ordinary pillar foundations, the device of which is associated with the need to carry out a large amount of excavation, significant costs for the manufacture of formwork and preparation of concrete mix in cramped conditions. Reduced labor costs and savings can be obtained by using foundations from bored piles and the installation of reinforced concrete grouting, and this also requires fragments of pits, additional outlets of reinforcement, waste of materials. In addition, concreting of grillages with a technological break after the installation of piles increases the construction time. More economical is the use of single drill support columns. They have a larger trunk diameter than brown stuffed piles and higher bearing capacity. The extensions at the top of the trunk increase the ground resistance in the horizontal direction due to the developed lateral surface, and also favors the use of vertical loading to load the vipore prism, which is adjacent to the upper part of the support (by analogy with pyramidal piles). Expanded plate raises the bearing capacity on the ground to the effect of vertical loading. The increase in industrial and civil construction and the need to design reliable and economical structures require the development of modern forecasting methods for determining the bearing capacity of this type of foundations in order to ensure the strength of structures. The development and implementation of more advanced and economical methods of calculating and designing foundation structures aimed at the development and implementation of their reserves is an important and relevant problem of building science. Taking into account the nonlinearity of the deformation of foundations in conjunction with the principles of their optimal design allows us to increase the adequacy of the calculations and obtain a significant economy of concrete and reinforcement. In the work on the numerical method of boundary elements (SEM) from the positions of the mechanics of a dispersed elasto-plastic medium, the concepts of predicting the bearing capacity of drill columns with extensions in the upper and lower parts are laid out. The solution of the nonlinear problem of predicting the bearing capacity of drill-pillars with extensions is of both scientific and practical importance and is directly related to the analysis of the ground VAT.