Особливості реалізації WEB-системи оптимізації маршрутів доставки з урахуванням обмежень вантажопідйомності

Abstract

This study addresses the problem of optimizing delivery routes for retail networks while considering vehicle capacity constraints and substantiates the feasibility of combining algorithmic routing methods with an interactive web-based implementation. A comparative analysis of spatial clustering methods demonstrated that the Clarke–Wright algorithm, combined with hybrid routing within clusters, provides the best trade-off between route quality, vehicle utilization, and computational efficiency under varying spatial distributions of delivery points, confirming its suitability as the core algorithm of the system. A client-server web system for delivery route optimization was developed, where computationally intensive tasks are executed on the server side, while the client side provides interactive data input, visualization of results, and analytical evaluation of generated routes. The proposed architecture enables system scalability with increasing numbers of delivery points and supports scenario-based logistics analysis. Experimental verification confirmed the correct operation of the system under medium and high workload conditions. The system consistently forms clusters without violating specified constraints, generates routes with acceptable characteristics, and maintains computation times suitable for interactive use. Furthermore, the implemented autonomous route visualization mechanism ensures system operability in conditions of unstable or absent network connectivity, which is critical for practical deployment of logistics information systems in modern operational conditions in Ukraine. The obtained results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach and its suitability as a practical web platform for delivery route optimization considering vehicle capacity constraints, as well as a foundation for further development towards dynamic data support and advanced analytics.