Сучасні світові та вітчизняні тенденції зайнятості з урахуванням впливу Сovid-19

Abstract

The relevance of the study is due to the fact that today in the world and in Ukraine is actively spreading a dangerous in-fectious disease — COVID-19, which negatively affects GDP, labor market, in particular reduces employment, increases unemployment and increases poverty. The aim of the article is to assess global and domestic employment trends taking into account the impact of COVID-19. The change in the share of the population aged 15…64 in 2018 compared to 2015 in the general structure of the popula-tion in some countries and in Ukraine is calculated, which allowed concluding that the tendency to narrow the employment base is strengthening, especially in Ukraine. Changes in the number of employed people aged 15…70 by individual member states of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) and Ukraine in 2019 compared to 2005 are calculated, which allowed to identify negative trends for the labor market, especially for Ukraine. The unemployment rate for individual OECD member countries and Ukraine in 2005 and 2018—2019 is analyzed. The change in the unemployment rate for individual OECD member countries and Ukraine in 2019 compared to 2005 and 2018—2019 is calculated. the im-portance of the impact of COVID-19 on the unemployment rate in some OECD countries and on the number of hours worked in the world and its comparison with the Global Financial Crisis of 2007—2008. The experience of individual coun-tries of the world in preserving jobs during the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic is summarized. Measures to preserve jobs in the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic are proposed, including: stimulating economic and labor market develop-ment through the introduction of active measures of fiscal and monetary policy of the state and providing soft loans and financial assistance to the real sector of the economy, including medical sphere; support for medium and small businesses, creating conditions for job preservation; protection of the employed population in the workplace, in particular with regard to the creation of safe working conditions, the promotion of flexible, in particular online forms of employment, etc.